Date of article: 10/07/2025
Daily News of: 11/07/2025
Country:
EUROPE
Author: Commissioner for Human Rights - CoE
Article language: en
Speaking at the Ukraine Recovery Conference in Rome, the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Michael O’Flaherty, underscored the urgent need to place human rights at the centre of Ukraine’s reconstruction and the return of displaced people. Opening with a firm condemnation of ongoing Russian attacks on civilians, the Commissioner laid out eight principled recommendations to ensure that the return of refugees and internally displaced persons is conducted with dignity, on a voluntary basis and in full respect for international commitments; inclusive planning; support for veterans and people living in territory under temporary Russian occupation; and international efforts to secure the return of Ukrainian citizens relocated to Russia.
“Thank you very much. It is a great pleasure to be here and delighted to be invited.
Let me at the outset join with others in deploring the relentless Russian attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure. These crimes are an outrage for which the perpetrators have got to be held accountable. And I am proud to belong to an organisation that is playing its role in creating the basis on which accountability can occur.
Turning to the specific topic of returns, it is essential that the return of IDPs and refugees always occur in full respect for their dignity. That is achieved by following the roadmap of human rights as laid out in the respective European and UN treaties and the other commitments.
Addressing return issues from this point of view leads me to a few observations. I like lists and so I have eight specific points very briefly.
The first is, as others have said, we must assiduously respect the principle of voluntary return. I am not referring here just to free choice, but also timing. States must avoid applying premature pressure for people to go home.
Second, until return proves possible, we have to ensure decent conditions for displaced persons. Regarding IDPs, as I have seen myself, this requires ensuring decent housing, access to education and social services. For refugees, it recalls the need to stay invested in such supports as the EU Temporary Protection Directive.
It is no less necessary to monitor and address any local lowered levels of welcome or even of hostility to refugee Ukrainians. In tackling all of these issues, I would like to join my voice to those who express great hope for the Ukraine Unity Hubs. I think it is a good idea that deserves our support. I also think it is an excellent idea that Ylva Johansson has been appointed as the EU special envoy.
Moving on to my third point, eventual return will be greatly facilitated by a reconstruction that is people-centred. This requires a focus on housing and social infrastructure, as well as, as we heard this morning, demining.
It also needs to address the particular needs of vulnerable groups, including persons with disabilities, a group whose situation was already problematic before the aggression.
Fourth, it is both an issue of human rights and of good return planning, that reparation is done and compensation is paid for war-related damage and loss. I recognise the central role that has been played in this regard by the Council of Europe with the Register of Damage and the Future Claims Commission.
Fifth, there is one community of returnees that require particular care and support: military veterans. Their need for rehabilitation and psychosocial support must not be neglected. And here, of course, I deeply applaud such existing initiatives as those led by the city of Lviv.
Sixth, we have to acknowledge that not everyone will want to return, as we have heard already this afternoon, and it will be necessary for their own good and for that of the host society to ensure their integration. Let's keep in mind, issues of family reunification will need to be addressed in this context.
Seventh, as we tackle the range of issues, human rights require that we deeply involve all impacted people in planning and implementation. It is no less important to be thoroughly gendered throughout, recognising the diverse experience and issues of women and men. I also recall here the requirements regarding the involvement of women that derive from UN Security Council Resolution 1325.
Eighth and finally, and very importantly, as we talk about these very many groups of people, let's never lose sight of the situation of two particular communities.
The first is people living in territory under temporary Russian occupation. They are experiencing grave human rights violations. They must not be forgotten.
The second is Ukrainian children, as well as adults, relocated to Russia. We must intensify our efforts for their return. I acknowledge with respect the important work on this being done by the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights, Dmytro Lubinets, and others.
To conclude, I will continue to play my part in supporting the human rights of the people of Ukraine, including through promotion of the implementation of the Memorandum that I issued this week and which was supported this morning by the government of Ukraine.
Thank you very much.”